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If you own or run a website and are not following these six tactics for properly linking your website together then you’re losing Google traffic as you read this. First some definitions. Internal linking is the links on your website that point to other pages within your same website. External linking is when you link to another website. Tactics are specific things to do to achieve desired results, or any mode of procedure for gaining advantage or success.

There are things you can do when developing or refining your internal linking structure. If you carry out the following tactics, you’re going to achieve two things. One, you’ll make your website better from a user’s perspective. Two, you’ll rank better in Google. And it’s no coincidence that Google rewards you for doing things that make the website user’s experience easier and better. In fact, the most important thing I can recommend is that you create, design and link your website together in a way that benefits the visitor first. Your visitors are most important, not Google rankings.

One last thing before I get to the tactics. Have you heard that links from other websites that point back to your website are essential in getting top search engine rankings, especially with Google? It’s true. These links vary in their effectiveness and value depending on the website from which they’re coming. But did you also know that internal links often can have similar effectiveness and value as external links? So bear this in mind as you read on.

1) Add links in your navigation or footer as text links to all your important pages and main sections.

This is a very easy and an extremely effective tactic that not all sites do, and even fewer do for maximum results. This is the first thing I look for when reviewing a website for a client. Unfortunately, sometimes artsy Web designers add cool buttons, which are images, to all the main sections of the site, but neglect to include text links as well. Or a programmer decides to make the website’s navigation a dynamic drop down menu in DHTML or JavaScript but forgets to include text links to the same pages represented in the menus. Search engines cannot follow image links or links created in JavaScript, they can only follow simple text links, so be sure you add them to your site as well.

So if you want search engines to visit and index (or record) ALL your website’s pages, be sure there are text links pointing to all the main sections of your site and to all your important pages.

2) Make use of the rel=”nofollow” HTML tag.

This is fairly simple. Google created this tag which tells them NOT to count the link in their search engine ranking algorithm when used on a link. There’s debate that maybe Google does count them a little, or will some day in the future. But for now, this tag does greatly decrease a link’s value in Google’s eyes.

Therefore, consider using this tag on some of your links within your site. For example, let’s say you have a homepage and then create two inner pages, and that’s the extent of the site. Let’s further say that you add a link to both pages on your homepage. If your homepage has some external links pointing to it, then it has some value in regards to Google’s ranking system. When you link to each of your two new pages within your site from your homepage, each page gets only 50% of the value the homepage has. (This is all measured in Page Rank). Let’s then say that your first inner page is the one you want to rank well in Google, but you don’t care if your second inner page even gets found by Google or ranked. You could add the nofollow tag to the second link on your homepage, thereby giving the first inner page 100% of the homepage’s value.

hink of the implications. Imagine if you had a website with hundreds or thousands of pages and used the nofollow tag throughout. To understand how to implement this tag, see the two links in HTML below, one without it and one with it correctly included.

<a href=”http://www.yourwebsite.com”>Your Website</a>

<a href=”http://www.yourwebsite.com” rel=”nofollow”>Your Website</a>

Finally, if you have pages such as a privacy page, terms page, checkout pages or contact pages that you don’t care if they rank well in Google, be sure to use the nofollow tag when creating internal links to these pages.

3) Use descriptive & different phrases to point to the same inner page.

The words that are in the text of a link (also known as the anchor text) affect your search engine rankings. For example, the anchor text in the two links above is “Your Website”. If enough of these links that were on quality and valuable sites, including your own website’s inner pages, pointed to the same page, it would eventually rank well in Google when someone searches for the phrase “your website”.

Therefore, be sure to make the anchor text in all your internal links the phrases you want the pages to be found for in Google. If you have a page that sells “blue widgets”, make the anchor text in links on other pages within your website that point to this page “blue widgets”. Do it like this:

<a href=”http://www.yourwebsite.com/blue-widgets.htm”>Blue Widgets</a>

Going back to the number 1 tactic above, you would be far better off making the anchor text in all your footer links as descriptive as possible. If you want to rank well in Google for “affordable blue widgets” then use this in your links that point to this page:

<a href=”http://www.yourwebsite.com/blue-widgets.htm”>Affordable Blue Widgets</a>

Finally, vary your anchor text when pointing to the same page within your website. For instance, on some of your pages you could link to your Blue Widgets page with the anchor text of “blue widgets”, then on other pages link to it using “affordable blue widgets” and then maybe use “widgets that are blue”. This allows you to get the page ranked for multiple terms and helps the user since you’re being descriptive and making your anchor text better match the content of the page it’s on.

4) Make links in your content.

If you have text on your site, make some of the words within the text, links that point to other pages within your website. For instance, if you have an article about blue widgets, or a page that describes how great your blue widgets are, make the first or second occurrence of the phrase “blue widgets” in the text a link that points to your Blue Widgets page.

5) The Home link solution.

If your website is typical, you’ll probably have a link on every page that points back to your homepage. And you should because this helps users. By doing this, you’re supplying a lot of link value to the homepage since it is getting all these internal links pointing back to it. Since in the number three tactic I recommended that you make your anchor text the same as what you want to rank for, the word “home” does you no good. I’ll assume that you’re not trying to get your homepage ranked for the word “home”, so make the anchor text what you do want it to get ranked for.

The other option is to add the nofollow tag to all your ‘Home’ links, thereby canceling out the word “home” altogether.

6) Make important pages at most 2 folders deep with your site and at most two clicks away from your homepage.

The farther away a page is, the worse it ranks. So if you put a page in a folder that is five folders deep within your website folder structure, Google will likely consider that page not as important as a page only one folder deep. Also, make the pages in your website that are most important to get ranked two or less clicks away from the homepage. This is good for users and allows Google to index these pages more quickly.

By following these top six internal linking tactics, you’ll be far ahead of the competition, you’ll rank better in Google and you’ll be making your website visitors’ lives easier.

BY Jason O’Connor

Remember back when Al Gore allegedly said he “invented the Internet?” Well, he didn’t, it was Google. Alright, I’m kidding, but sometimes it does appear that way. Google has consistently launched one killer application after another, and they weren’t playing around when they entered into the pay-per-click arena with their “Adwords” program. Adwords is one of the largest online advertising networks, reaching more than 80% of all Internet users.

So how does it work? You choose keywords/phrases that are related to your products/services, write the text ads that will be shown when someone performs a search for your keywords, set a daily budget and the cost you want to pay every time someone clicks on your ad (C.P.C), and you’re ready to run. There is no activation fee and no minimum monthly spend amount.

Ads are called “sponsored links”, and appear along with search results on Google, as well as other affiliated search engines and “content sites” in the Google Network. This type of keyword based advertising will help you to reach a highly targeted audience quickly and easily.

Not only can you run text ads, but also image/animated ads – even video. If you’re a beginner at pay-per-click marketing, I would suggest you start out with text ads. You’ll need to “learn to walk” before you run.

So what does a text ad look like? It consists of a 25 character headline, a description that is 2 lines of no more than 35 characters, and what’s called a “display url”. This url can reflect any domain you like because when it is clicked upon, the browser will take them to your “destination url”. This is set up behind the scenes and does not appear in the ad itself.

A 3 line text ad might sound like a lot of room, but it’s not. You’ve got a small area to make a huge impact on the searcher and make them want to click. Don’t underestimate the power of a well written ad. If you don’t know a lot about how to write “good copy”, I suggest you study up. You’ll want to include what’s referred to as a “call to action” somewhere in the description. You’ll also want to include your keywords if possible in your title and ad copy so they will appear in a bold font when your ad is displayed. For help see:

http://www.google.com/adwords/learningcenter/text/18779.html

You also need to send them to the page that’s most relevant to your ad copy. This page is called a “landing page”, and you’ll want to make sure it converts. A conversion happens when the visitor performs the action you intended. For example, signs up for your newsletter, buys your product, etc. With Adwords conversion tracking you’ll be given a snippet of code to paste on your web page wherever any conversion takes place. For example, your thank you page. This allows you to track how well your pages are converting. You can also use Google Analytics. For more see:

http://www.google.com/analytics/

Now that landing page load time is being factored into “quality score”, you’ll also want to pay attention to your page’s load time. Quicker is better. For more information on this topic see….

Google AdWords Help Center

Now, let’s talk about keywords. The biggest mistake most people make is choosing single keywords. You’re much better off with two and three word combinations. For example if you sell dog food, instead of targeting a generic term like “dogs”, you’d be better off selecting “dog food”. Remember, these keywords will be responsible for triggering your ads to appear, so do your homework and choose wisely. Targeting the wrong keywords can be a very expensive lesson. For help in choosing keywords use Google’s tool located at-

Google Keyword Tool

When setting up your keywords, you’ll also need to choose what’s called a “match type”. Here are your options:

1) Broad Match: The default setting. Searchers can enter your keywords in any order and your ads appear. Not the best option for targeted traffic.

2) Phrase Match: Your keywords must appear in the exact order for your ads to appear. This is more targeted than Broad Match.

3) Exact Match: This is the most targeted option. The searcher must type in your key-phrase exactly for your ads to appear.

4) Negative Match: You choose words you don’t want your ads to appear for when searched upon. For example, typing in the word “-free” would stop your ads from appearing if someone typed that word before your key-phrase.

So who decides which ads will appear at the top? This is called “ad rank”. Ads with the highest ad rank will appear at the top. Here’s the formula, at least at this time as it’s always open to change.

Ad Rank = C.P.C. (cost per click) X Quality Score

To understand this formula you’ll need to know what factors go into “quality score”.

Quality Score is determined by :

    1) How relevant the keywords and ad copy are to the search query.

    2) “The historical Click-through rate of the ad, and of the matched keyword on Google”.

    3) It also includes your account history, which looks at the click through rate of your keywords and ads.

    4) Landing page load time. And, according to Google “other relevant factors”.

One tip to increase your ad rank is to increase your cost per click, and improve your ad copy and keywords in order to increase your quality score.

Ad ranking is determined slightly differently for the search network compared to the content network. For the content network it looks like this:

Ad Rank = Content Bid X Quality Score

What is the difference between the Content Network and Search Network? Good question. I thought you’d never ask. This is another option you’ll have to decide upon when setting up your account. If you choose “search sites”, your ads are displayed on search results pages only. Google’s search network consists of: AOL, Netscape, Earthlink, Compuserve, AT&T, Worldnet, Ask.com, Shopping.com, Froogle and of course Google itself.

If you choose for your ads to appear in the “content network”, this includes community websites, online publications and other information based sites that choose to display Adwords ads. Partners in the content network include sites such as: Google’s Gmail, About, Lycos, NYTimes.com, Infospace, Reed Business, HowStuffWorks, Business.com, Food Network, HGTV, MarthaStewart.com and many other content based websites.

Ads are targeted to the content of the individual pages. You’ll also have some control over where your ads appear and don’t appear with what’s called “placement targeting”. You can actually pick and choose from websites you’d like your ads to appear on, or not to appear on. You can opt in to both search and content networks, or just one.

At this point you’re probably thinking this is a lot to learn. And you’re right – it is, but there are plenty of online resources to help you such as:

Adwords Help Center

Adwords blog

Google is a powerful Internet giant and makes for a mighty advertising partner. Make sure you harness some of that muscle, and you too can become an Internet force to be reckoned with.

Article by Merle.

For businesses that market wholly or partially online, it may seem that three words are the only way to get more customers: search engine optimization (SEO). Typically, the search engines being referred to are: Google, Yahoo, and MSN. These three engines have almost become interchangeable with the phrase “do a search”, so much so that the word “Google” has entered the English lexicon as “find information”.

There are actually hundreds of search engines, not just the Big Three (Google, Yahoo, and MSN) that many Internet users think of. By focusing only on the most well known search engines for your online marketing strategy, you may be missing out on as much as 30% of the billions of searches being done online every single day.

While not the oldest search engine on the internet, Google does have the reputation of being the granddaddy. However, it is worth investigating alternative search engines – niche engines, meta-search engines, and human-powered engines.

Niche search engines focus their searches on a particular subject matter, such as blogs or articles. Meta-search engines (DogPile, Widow) compile results from multiple search engines . Finally, human-powered search engines (Mahalo, DMOZ) are composed of directory pages with link and general information, put together by humans who search for the most relevant content. These alternative search engines tend to have pretty high page ranks, which give more credence to the fact that online marketers shouldn’t overlook them.

There is also the fact that some Internet searchers do not want to use Google because of personal or political views. Because of Google’s popularity, it can (incorrectly) be perceived as having a monopoly on the search engine market. That perception, combined with opposition to a seemingly growing “corporate world”, turns off some potential customers and eliminates your potential to reach them, if you focus only on Google or other big search engines.

As part of SEO, using keywords to bring in consumers is all the rage. Businesses spend a great deal of time and money researching keywords, keyword density, and effects on page rankings in results lists. Guess what? It’s not only a pain for the businesses to constantly be looking for which words may get them more hits and higher rankings; it’s quickly becoming over done.

Consumers are fatigued with seeing keyword-loaded articles and websites tagged with anything that could possibly be related to their search terms. This online marketing strategy may make sense in the short-term, but chances are good that by the time the strategy is perfected by your marketers, there will be a different trend altogether that needs to be learned. Marketing with the intent to only increase your page rankings, by any means necessary, is only a quick fix and could be quite expensive.

SEO tactics are starting to turn customers off. If SEO is the main priority of a marketing campaign and keyword-dense content was the impetus for the customer finding the website, this hurts the site’s credibility with the consumer. Perhaps they’ll buy from you once because you showed up at the top of the results page, but will they remember you next time or just do another search?

Another concern with search engines is the program spiders that crawl the Internet, looking for relevant pages for search results. Even the largest of the search engines can only cover a portion of the internet. According to Wikipedia, no search engine can search more than 16% of the net!

In addition, the spiders have a massive amount of searching to do, which can be a slow and taxing process on the sites they are crawling. By the time a spider finishes crawling the Internet, the information collected can be outdated – pages and links have either been deleted or new information added. Spiders are certainly not a perfect means of finding good results with one search engine.

Searching just one engine at a time is time-consuming and not very cost-efficient for searchers looking for the most appropriate information or businesses to suit their needs. Enter, meta-search engines. As mentioned earlier, meta-search engines compile results from multiple engines.

Among these, dogpile.com is probably the most well-known. The problem with dogpile, as I see it, is that it spits back the top 10 results from each of the Big Three engines. This results in a lot of sponsored results at the top of the result list, followed by a mix of “normal” results and more sponsored results. The truth be known, I simply consider dogpile to be really annoying, so I avoid it.

In comparison, widow.com uses a different sort of math equation that sorts through search engine results for the most relevant information and ranks them in their results pages. In an unscientific but entertaining comparison I performed, I plugged in “celebrity gossip” to both dogpile.com and widow.com.

On dogpile.com, I felt like I had to search through commercials to find the content. The results on widow.com were much more relevant, giving me results with the desired content. Plus, I didn’t have to look between the annoying sponsored results to find the information I wanted.

Utilizing meta-search engines can be very time-efficient and cost-effective for online marketers, especially when doing market research, even for keywords.

More importantly, if you can also rank in the meta-search and smaller niche search engines, you have a better chance of reaching the approximately 30% of searchers who do not use one of the Big Three engines, as their search tool of choice.

The niche audience may be smaller than the number of consumers you’re exposed to on Google, but if you can gain an audience in the niche search engines, you are likely to find consumers intent on buying what you are selling. It’s a good general marketing strategy to remember that “quantity exposure” does not always equate to “quality exposure”. It’s also a good general marketing strategy to never rely on only one advertising platform to help you reach your target audience.

By Bill Platt

It’s important to note that the writing of this article occurred on July 17, 2008. I mention this only to insure that you can put it into context and also so that those who read this article in a day or week or month from now aren’t confused by my noting of Q2 reports and references to “today”.

Any of you who have read some of my past articles or who have visited Beanstalk’s services pages will know – I’m not a PPC guy. Quite honestly, it’s not in my primary skill set and it’s something I would definitely prefer to leave to the experts. Now that said, following Google and it’s health (which is tied directly to AdWords and AdSense) is something I’m keenly interested in. To this end, recent changes in Google’s paid search display and ranking systems will have huge impacts on advertisers and, more important for the purpose of this article, on Google itself.

A couple weeks ago a friend of mine, Richard Stokes from AdGooroo sent me a PDF entitled, “Search Engine Advertiser Update – Q208″ . With this document they outline the changing trends in the paid search marketplace and many of the stats are surprising. If you’re a PPC manager they’re obviously directly important. For those of us in the organic optimization world they are still both interesting and important. They’re interesting for reasons which will become clear below and they’re important because anything that affects the economic health of the search engines affects the search landscape both inside and outside of the paid search realm.

Paid Search Market Share

What could be more important to the engines than their percentage of the paid search arena. Does Google really care about being the dominant search engine as far as organic search goes? Let me put this a different way, if Google was standing in front of their shareholders – would they prefer to announce that they held 80% of all worldwide searches and reported revenues of $7.8 billion dollars for the quarter OR would they rather stand up and say they hold 20% of all worldwide searches and reported revenues of $8.7 billion dollars? Organic results drive traffic which in turn results in clicks on paid ads. From a business standpoint that’s the only reason that organic search even matters.

So which engine has the healthiest paid search environment? According to AdGooroo, Q2 results show a different world than one might guess (which is why I noted that it is interesting).

Over the past twelve months advertiser growth (or lack thereof) breaks down as follows:

Google: -8.5%
Yahoo!: +9.8%
MSN: -6.7%

Advertiser counts have also changed (i.e. the number of advertisers on the engine). Yahoo! leads in this area as well with a growth of 0.03%. Google dropped by 6.4% and MSN dropped by almost 20% (good thing they have their OS revenue to fall back on).

And A Drop In Ads

To go even further, Google has increased the importance of quality which has resulted in a reduction of nearly 40% in the number of ads that appear on a results page. 6 months ago ~6.5 ads appeared per page whereas now that number is closer to 4. This has the potential to significantly help or significantly hinder Google’s revenue.

As Richard Stokes points out and I completely concur, this places Google in an environment where one of two things will happen:

1. Advertisers will realize that their clicks are converting much higher, search marketers will spend more time and resources creating more and more relevant ads and landing pages and advertisers will be willing to bid more as the conversions increase, or

2. The competition for the top spots will be reduced and so too will the average bid prices.

Google’s Q2 Report

And what inspired the writing of this article was actually the release of Google’s Q2 report earlier today. After reading it I immediately had to contact Richard and let him know that the results confirmed some of the predictions noted in his work. He writes:

“… the auction-based bidding system makes this a double-edged sword. As the number of advertisers declines, so does the competitive pressure for higher bid prices. If advertisers don’t step up to the plate and bid more aggressively for placement, then it’s possible that search revenues could stagnate.”

Google revenues were up only 3% over Q1 of this year and revenue from paid clicks was down by 1%. This is the first time in Google’s history post-IPO that I can remember them showing reductions in revenue in one quarter over the previous. It appears that this new paid search model in not quite as effective at pulling in money as the old.

Now, to be fair, the new system of requiring higher quality scores and better ads and landing pages is new – only a few months old at this point and so there are likely still bugs to be worked out, but Wall Street did not react favorably to the announcements today and I suspect that the situation isn’t going to look better for Google at the close of day tomorrow (though what do I know about stocks).

What Does This Mean?

So what does this mean? This means that Google has a lot of work to do and those in the paid search space need to pay close attention (even closer than normal) as shareholders don’t like to see losses and Google is going to need to make moves to recover and show significant gains by the time their Q3 reports come out.

One might guess that this also means that Yahoo! is gaining ground (which is true) but it’s definitely a case of too little too late. Also earlier today (it was a busy day in search) Yahoo! released a letter to its shareholders that on one hand referred to the alliance between Microsoft and Carl Icahn as a destroyer of shareholder value for Yahoo! and then went on to say that they would be willing to sell the company to Microsoft at $33/share (which is what Microsoft has offered previously and which is more than $10 above their current market value).

It seems that one can’t look at the stronger relative results in the paid search area that Yahoo! has achieved as a win when they seem to be backsliding on their initial position regarding the sale to Microsoft.

So Where Do We Go From Here?

For one thing, watch closely. Monitor resources such as AdGooroo’s research library, and the Clix Marketing blog. Pay close attention as we’re going to see a lot of changes to what’s going on and these changes are likely going to have effects on both the paid and the organic results as Google strives to provide the better results they’re targeting through paid search now but at the same time increase their revenue.

This may involve adjustments to the quality scoring (I can pretty much guarantee that one) and may involve adjusting how paid ads appear on the page with the organic results. All we can really do is watch, wait and adapt.

About The Author
Dave Davies is the CEO of Beanstalk Search Engine Optimization, Inc. Dave has been active in the SEO industry since 2001 and provides SEO services to companies around the world.